Reiki:  A relaxing healing art that originated in Japan with Mikao Usui. Trainees are given attunements  to allow them to pass universal healing energy through them (via the hands) to others. Many different schools exist. (22)

Therapeutic touch: Developed by Dolores Krieger, a nurse, and Dora Kunz in the 1970s. Gentle touch is used to influence the biofield. (23)

Healing touch: Developed in the 1980s by Janet Mentgen, a registered nurse. Based on principles used in therapeutic touch and other such techniques. Extensive instruction and training required for certification. (24)